X-ray with dye 14. renal nuclear medicine scan (DTPA/DMSA).
For detailed view (stones, obstruction) .
For stones, swelling, cysts.
For early detection in diabetes/hypertension.
Early marker of kidney damage.
Measures protein loss (kidney damage).
Confirms urinary tract infection (UTI) .
Detects infection, blood, protein, crystals.
Elevated in kidney dysfunction or stones.
Key marker of kidney function.
Waste product; high in kidney issues.
Assesses kidney filtration rate.
To detect imbalances.
