Estrogen Test

The Estrogen test is a blood test that checks the levels of estrogen hormones in the body. Estrogen is a group of hormones—estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), and estriol (E3)—that play vital roles in the female reproductive system, but are also present in men in smaller amounts.

In women, estrogen regulates the menstrual cycle, supports the development of female sexual characteristics, and prepares the uterus for pregnancy. In men, estrogen supports bone health, libido, and sperm production.

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Why the Estrogen Test is Done:

In Women:

• Evaluate menstrual disorders or absence of periods (amenorrhea)

• Investigate infertility or ovulation problems

• Diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or early menopause

• Monitor hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

• Check placental health during pregnancy (estriol)

In Men:

• Assess gynecomastia (breast enlargement)

• Investigate low libido or infertility

• Evaluate pituitary or testicular disorders

In Children:

• Diagnose early or delayed puberty

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Sample Required:

• A blood sample from a vein

• Urine or saliva tests may also be used in specific situations

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Test Preparation:

• No major preparation needed, but women may be tested at specific times in their menstrual cycle.

• Inform the doctor about any medications or hormone treatments.

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Normal Ranges

(varies by age, gender, and menstrual phase):

Group                                             Estradiol (E2) Level (pg/mL)

Women (follicular phase)           20 – 200

Women (ovulatory peak)            150 – 750

Postmenopausal women             < 30

Men                                                        10 – 50

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High Estrogen Levels May Indicate:

• Ovarian tumors

• Liver disease

• Hormone replacement therapy effects

• Gynecomastia in men

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Low Estrogen Levels May Indicate:

• Menopause

• Ovarian failure or PCOS

• Pituitary gland disorders

• Eating disorders or extreme weight loss

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Benefits of the Estrogen Test:

• Aids in diagnosing fertility issues and menstrual problems

• Helps detect hormonal imbalances and ovarian disorders

• Monitors pregnancy health and placental function

• Assists in managing hormone therapy or menopause treatment

The Estrogen test is a critical diagnostic tool to understand reproductive health, puberty, and hormonal imbalances in both women and men. It plays an essential role in evaluating fertility and guiding treatment in hormonal therapies.