Complete Blood Count (CBC
A Complete Blood Count (CBC) test is a common blood test that measures different components of blood, including red cells, white cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets. It helps detect conditions like anemia, infection, inflammation, and blood disorders.
The Complete Blood Count (CBC) is one of the most frequently ordered blood tests in medicine. It provides detailed information about the three major types of blood cells—red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets—and their respective parameters.
By analyzing these components, a CBC helps doctors diagnose a wide range of conditions, from anemia and infections to immune system disorders and certain cancers.
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What the CBC Measures:
Red Blood Cells (RBCs): Carry oxygen to the body’s tissues.
Hemoglobin (Hb): The oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells.
Hematocrit (Hct): The proportion of RBCs in the blood.
White Blood Cells (WBCs): Help fight infections.
Platelets: Help in blood clotting.
MCV, MCH, MCHC: Indicate the size and hemoglobin content of red blood cells.
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Why It’s Done:
Diagnose anemia or blood loss
Detect infections or inflammation
Monitor chronic diseases
Identify immune or bone marrow disorders
Evaluate overall health during routine checkups
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Procedure:
A small blood sample is drawn from a vein (usually in the arm).
No fasting or special preparation is typically required.
Results are usually available within a few hours to one day.
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Advantages:
Quick, simple, and cost-effective
Helps in early detection of many health issues
Essential for pre-surgical screening and monitoring treatments
The CBC test is a fundamental diagnostic tool that provides a comprehensive overview of your blood health, making it crucial for both routine monitoring and the early diagnosis of serious illnesses.