Liver Function Tests

Liver Function Tests (LFTs) are a set of blood tests used to evaluate how well the liver is functioning. They help detect inflammation, infection, damage, or disease in the liver. Since the liver plays a vital role in digestion, metabolism, and detoxification, its health is crucial for overall wellbeing.

These tests measure specific enzymes, proteins, and substances in the blood that are either produced by the liver or released when liver cells are damaged.

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Key Parameters in LFTs:

1. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT / SGPT):
   Elevated in liver cell damage.

2. Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST / SGOT):
   Also elevated in liver and heart damage.

3. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP):
   High in bile duct blockage or bone disorders.

4. Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT):
   Indicates bile duct problems or alcohol use.

5. Bilirubin (Total, Direct, Indirect):
   Elevated levels cause jaundice; indicates liver or bile duct dysfunction.

6. Albumin and Total Protein:
   Low levels may suggest poor liver function or liver disease.

7. Prothrombin Time (PT):
   Measures blood clotting function, affected in severe liver damage.

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Why LFTs Are Done:

• Diagnose liver infections (like hepatitis)

• Monitor liver diseases (e.g., cirrhosis, fatty liver)

• Assess side effects of medications or alcohol

• Evaluate symptoms like jaundice, abdominal pain, or fatigue

• Pre-operative or health check-up screening

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Test Procedure:

• A blood sample is taken from a vein in the arm.

• No special preparation needed (sometimes fasting is advised).

• Results are usually available in a few hours to a day.

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Benefits:

• Detects liver issues early

• Guides treatment decisions

• Monitors chronic liver conditions

• Helps prevent complications like liver failure

The Liver Function Test panel offers a comprehensive look into your liver’s health and plays a crucial role in early diagnosis, disease management, and monitoring treatment effectiveness.